Process for making sugar.



U. STEWART.

PROCESS FOR. MAKING SUGAR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 6, 1m.

Patented Oct. 5, 1909.

UNITED STATE$ PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES PARRIS STEWART, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA. ASSIGNOR TO NATIONALSUGAR COMPANY. 0]? LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA. A CORPORATION OF ARIZONATERRITORY.

PROCESS FOR MAKING SUGAR.

To all u liom it may com-era:

.lie it. known that i. (faruuacslamns H'rnw .\n'i'. a eitizen ot' thetnited States, residing at Los .\ngeles. in the eounty ol- Los Angelesand State ol' (:ililol'iiia. have invented a new and usel'ul lroeess forMaking Sugar, ol whieh the following is a speeit'itaition.

This invention relates to the synthetic proeess for the inanulzu-ture ofsugar, and it is. an ohjeet thereo'l' to provide a process whereby sugarean be manufactured from ordinat' and inexpensive suhstal'iees.

This applieation is tiled as a eouttinuation ol' my applieation entitledproeess of making sugar. h'. N. 368,267. liled April 1.5. 1907.

In the aeeon:panyiug drawings 1 have illustrated a lorn. of apparatuswhieh may be employed in operating my process, the: lignre illustratedbeing a diagrannnatic View t of the. apparatus employed. parts beingbroken away and enlarged lor t.-.larit. y ol illustration.

in the torn; ol' apparatus shown in the drawings 1 designates a steamboiler of any usual type eouneeted by a pipe 2 to a super l heatinglurnaee is provided l nrnaee with a pipe --l'. or a. series of the same,of heat resisting material, preferably elay, and the steam from theboiler passes through this pipe. the amount being eontrolled by valve 5on pipe 3. From the outlet end of clay pipe -l-. pipe (3 leads to aearbon retort 7. This eat-hon retort is eomposed of an inner heatingehamher eontaining ehareoal 8). or other form o'l earbon. which isheated by means of burners ti). After passing through the heated earhonthe gases pass out through pipe 11 to a eooling tank. or eoinleuser, l2,and thenee through a pipe 13 to a eonipressor t t. Alter beingeompressed the gases pass into a storage ehamber 15 provided with apressure gage it so that a steady pressure may he maintained upon thegases by the eompressor. Passing lrom ehamher 13 through pipe 17. thegases pass into |)ttt'll)lttllt)t 18. This preeipitator comprises a pipe1!). prel'erably brass or other non-magnetie material. a set ofpreferably alternating eleetro-maguets 2t) surrounding the pipe to setup a magnetie field within it. Direetly beyond magnets 20 is loeated apair of eleetrieal diseharge plates 21 eonneeted to an induetion eoil.or other high tension machine (not shown). tor the. purpose of main-Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed March 6, 1908.

taining an eleetrie discharge aeross the gap between the plates. Beyondthe discharge plates pipe Lt) narrows down, as at 22. and is eontrolledat this point by a valve 2 Direetly beyond valve 22-) aml on theeonstrieted part of the pipe is a seeond set. (it elee-tro magnets 2+.also preferably alternating. Pipe 19 widens out beyoi'id electromagnets24 and is provided with a seeond pair of diseharge plates 27 preferablyeonneeted to the same source of eleetriea l. energy supply as plates 21.Dow'nu'ardly inclined spout it) on the enlarged end o'tthe pipeeoinpletes the apparatus.

The operation of my proeess is as followsz--fiteam is generated inboiler l and admitted to furnaee It in the proper volume as determinedby the eapaeity oi the apparatus and as the experienee ol the operatordietates. The temperature of t'uruaee I) is normally about 2000 I.. andthe steam is highly superheated in passing through elay pipes t. Thissuperheated steam passes immediately through the heated ehareoal orearhon t) in retort T. and the oxygen ol the steam combines with theearhon and leaves the hydrogen free. as far as ean he aseertaiued. ast'ollows:-

This reaetion may he atl'eeted by the leakage of loreign gases from theatmosphere into tl apparatus. but. unless the leakage is ol largeproportions. the reaetion is substantiall as above represented. Thetemperature of the ehareoal is approximately that of its ineandeseeutheat. and. on aeeount o'l' this high temperature and the exeessivepresenee of the earbon. (O is formed rather than t,(). The mixture ofgases. ('0 aml ll. passes off through pipe 11 to eondenser 1'3 where itis eooled to pass into the eompressor. The eompressor operates to plaeethe mixture of gases under 1 pressure of lTOHl 3-30 to (it) pounds persquare ineh and they are stored in ehamher if) under that pressure. Themixture of gases then passes through the preeipitato' and is suhjeetedalternately to the inl'lueuee ol magnetie lields and eleetriealdiseharges. The lirst magnetie field is -formed by magnets 20 and themixture of gases passes through this field and then through theeleetrieal discharge between plates 21, whieh, in the present. plant,dismomma ross a throo inoh gap 'lho root tho pipo is thou om-ountorodtt's l'orood through tho small spaoo by ralro 21; and noxt through thotguots fi l. 'l 'ho mixturo thou oxitmosphorio prossuro and passos osooond oloot'rioal dist-hargo boos :25. 'lho altoruato notion of notioand (l.,('ll.'lt'tll intluonros tt)tt!l)ll1:tllt)lt o'l' tho gasos tol'orm ptu'o sugar ol tho l'ormula o u tr t oonstruotion of thoprooipitator importanro. tho only rotptiromont assago ol tho gasosthrough magootrioal intluom-os. 'lho arrangoibod, howovor. has boonl'ound to iont'. \Vhon this produot omorgos protripitator it isoomparativoly ro is no tlangot' o'l doromposition to conditionsonmnoratod aboro, o intorvontion ol' an 'loroign t as atmosphorio. thoroaotion s plat-o, in tho prooipitator is. as an ho asoortaiuod. asfollows:

t a small portion of atmosphorit: ontranoo to tho apparatus prior atgot-hrough tho oarbon rotort', is boon 'l'ound to bo tho oaso in r opo'ations of this proooss, suoh tho following will talco plaoo b o tz attnountv of mixturos of tho atmoss would oauso a largor proporin tho lotthand momhor ol tho ion and thorot'oro givo a largor St) in tho rosults.This gas. in nut. (loos not intluonoo tho aotion s.-; as doos noithortho nitrogon ug with tho oxygon o'l' tho atmosvhirh is thoroloro ignorodin tho ions.

poration ot this proooss about by woight ot rharooal and wator l thoresulting woight ol' ohomsugar is somo T5 or moro, of *d woight' ol" thooharroal and 'tm'ogoing dcsoription it will bo o proooss oonsistsossont'iall v in combination of rat-hon inonoxid on. 'lho mothod "forobtaining nay b0 othor than that dosoribod [out that they may bosupplied enoios and be oqually ot'lootivo. nvoniently obtained fromWater at proportions are txhcrol'iy apescribed my invention, What Tolaim as now and dosiro to soouro by ltottors latont is:-

l. 'lho prot-oss ot' l'orming sugar s \-'nthotioally whit-h oomprisostroating romhinod h \'drogou and oxygon with oarbon in substant'iall)tho proportions to produoo tho produot. dosirod.

'3. 'lho horoin dosta'ibod synthotioal proooss whioh oomprisos l'ormingsugar in a oontinuous oporation by oombining oarboin hydrogon and oxygonin substantially tho proportions to produoo tho hroduot' dosirod.

'3. 'lho horoin dosorihod synthotiozl proross whioh oomprisos l'ormingsugar in a oontinuous oporation by treating oombinod hydrogon and oxygonwith oarbon in suhstantially tho proportions to produoo tho prodnrtdosirod.

-l. 'lho proooss o'l' torming sugar synthoti -all whioh oomprisosoombiuing rarhon, h \'drogou and oxygon in substantially tho proportionsto produoo. sugar. and thou passing tho rosultant gasos through magnotioand olootrioal intluonc-os.

5. 'lho proooss ot' lortning sugar oomprising oombining (:arhon,lrydrogon and ox gon in substantially tho 'u'oportions to produoo (,l,..Ilt .t and thou subjooting tho rosultant gasos to magnotio intlnonoo.

t3. 'lho proooss ol' 'lorn'iing sugar oom'prising romhining oarbon,hydrogon and oxygon in substantiall) tho proportions to produoo ll t)and thou passing tho rosultant gasos through tho liold (it analtornating maguot.

T. 'Iho proooss of forming sugar by tho synthotio moans o't' (-omhiningo: rhon with ox \'gon, adding .t'roo lrydrogon to tho (om binod oat-honand oxygou. and thou passing tho rosultaut mixturo through magnotio andolootrioal inlluonoos.

H. 'lho proooss ot t'orming sugar synthotioall oomprisiug oomhiniugoxygon with rat-hon to l'orm (Y). adding l'roo, lrtdrogou. and thoupassing tho rosnltaut mixturo through maguotio and olooti'ioalinlluonoos.

it. 'lho proooss ot' l orming sugar oompris ing lirst suporhoatingstoam. thon passing tho suporhoatod stoam o\'or hoatod (-arhoin andtinally subjooting tho rosultant to magnotio and olootrit'allint'luonoost It 'lho proooss ol' t'orming sugar \Vllltlt oomprisosmixing substantially twolro parts ol (0 with t\\'ol\'o parts of ll amlthou subjooting tho miXturo to magnotio and olootriral intluonoos.

l1. Tho, prot-oss ot' forming sugar oomprising passing suporhot'itodstoam oror hoatod rarhon. to form carbon monoxid and hydrogon and thouoontbining tho rosulting gasos in substantially tho proportions toproduoo tho proclnot; desired.

12. The mamifacture of cane sugar synthotically by passing snp0r-hoatodstoam through oarbou hoatod to a, high temporatit) carbonic lure.thereby decomposing the steam into gases. cooling the gases formed andcompressing the same. ainl condensing the said gases by means ot anelectric current.

1 The manufacture oti cane sugar consisting in passing superhtaitedsteam over highly heated carbon, thereby decomposing the. steam .intogases. cooling and compressing the gases 'l'ormed aml subjecting thesame to magnetic influence. and condensing the gases by a current ofelectricity.

let. The nnumtacture ot cane sugar synthetically consisting in passingsuper-heated steam through highly heated charcoal, thereby decomposingthe steam into gases, cooling the gases t'ormcd and compressing thesame. and condensing the said gases by means of an electric current.

15. The process of manufacturing cane sugar synthetically by passingsu]')tn'-heated steam through carbon heated to a high temperature.cooling and compressing the gases generated from the super-limited steamand carbon. and condensing into cane sugar the said gases by passingthrough the same a current ot electricity.

It The process of tmum'tacturing sugar consisting tirst ot super-heatingsteam, passing the super-h ated st aun through red-hot carbon. coolingthe gases formed and compressing the same. and condensing the said gasesby means of an electric current.

17. The process of mamrti'acturing sugar consisting tirst. ot'sttperheating st-am. second. passing the super-limited steam throughheated charcoal forming carbonic oxid and hydrogen. cooling said gasesand compressing the same. and condensing the oxid and hydrogen bypassing through the same a current. of electricity.

lb. The process of manufacturing sugar synthetically by passingsuper-heated steam through carbon heated to a temperature of trom eighthundred 800) to one thousand ttooo) degrees ccntrigrade. coolingandcompressing the gases formed. and condensing the said gases into canesugar by passing a current of electricit. through the same.

I The synthesis of organic compounds. comprising treating a substancecontaining hydrogen and oxygen with a heated carbonaceous substance. andsubjecting the resulting gases to treatment by an electric current.

it). The synthesis ot organic compounds. comprising ett'ecting achemical reaction between a substance containing hydrogen and oxygen.and a carhomiceous substance. cooling the resulting gases. andsubjecting the same to treatment. by an electric current.

21. The synthesis of organic compotu'tds. comprising ell'ecting achemical reaction between water and a heated carbonaceous substance.producing carbon monoxid and bydrogcn, cooling the resulting gases, andpassing an electric current through the same.

2; The synthesis ot organic compounds. comprising et'l'ecting a chemicalreaction between water antl a heated carbtmaceous substance. producingcarbon monoxid and hydrogen. compressing the same, and passing anelectric current through the mixed gases.

2 3. The synthesis ol organic compounds. comprising etlecting a chemicalreaction between mixed carbon monoxid and hydrogen. by cooling.compressing. and passing an electric current through the mixed gases.

it. The synthesis of tatrbohydrates, comprising treating a substancecontaining hydrogen and oxygen with a heated carbonaceous substance. andsubjecting the resulting gases to treatment by an electric current.

27 The synthesis olj' carl)ohydrat'es. coinprismg ett'twt'ing a chemicalreaction between a substance containing hydrogen and oxygen. and acarbomiceous substance. cooling the resulting gases. amt subjecting thesame to treatment by an electric current.

20. The s nthesis of carbolrvdrates. coinprising ell'ecting a chetnicalreaction between water and a h ttlttl carbonaceous substance. producingcarbon monoxid and hydrogen. cooling the resulting gases. and passing anelectric current through the same.

17. The synthesis of carbolrvdrates. comprising etl'ecting a chemicalreaction between wane and a heated carbonaceous substance. producingcarbon monoxid and hydrogen. compressing the same. and passing an electric current through the mixed gases.

N. The synthesis of carlmhydrates. comprising etl'ecting a chemicalreaction between mixed carbon monoxid and hydrogen. by cooling.compressing. and passing an electric current through the mixed gases.

21 .\n apparatus for producing sugar comprising a retort containingcarbon. means to heat said carbon. means to supply super-limited steamto said carbon at the bottom thereol. means to cool the gases t'rom saidretort. and in ans to elect rit'y and cone bine the same.

In witness that I claim the foregoing l have hereunto subscribed my namethis 27th day of February. 1908.

( t TA RLEH I.\ R'lllh' STEWART.

Witnesses Ennuxo H'rnxt'stc. ()Lmr. PALMFH.

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